Windmill



(No Model.) 2 sheetssheet 1.

RHfBVARTs.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2. P. H. EVARTS.

' WINDMILL.

Patented Deo. 15, 1891.

(No Model.)

W/T/VESSES: W @526/ UNITED STATES APATENT OEEICE.

FRANK H. EVARTS,.OF` ARLINGTON, KANSAS.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 465,172, dated December15, 1891.

Application ned nach 26,1891. "Serin No. 336,479. (No moan.)

To all whom, z5 may concern:

. Be it known that I, FRANK H. EvAETs, of Arlington, in the county ofReno and State f Kansas, have invented a new and useful Improvement invVindmills, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exactdescription.

Myinvention relates to an improvement in windmills, and has'for itsobject to provide the mill with a sectional vane which in a high windwill be acted upon in a manner to automatically carry the wind-wheeledge to the wind and so hold it until the force of the wind abates.

. 11in any suitable or approved manner.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the vane that it willact to throw the wind-wheel out in a moderate wind or in a gale, asdesired, and to so place the windwheel and the vanefthat one cannot beforced in engagement with the other.

A further object of the invention is to perfectly balance the turn-tableupon the tower and to render the several parts so light and so perfectin action that the mill may be stopped or started by even a child.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, as'will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar figures and lettersofreferenceindicate corresponding parts in all the vlews.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the upper portion of a windmill havingthe invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the portion ofthe mill shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an edge view ofthe wheel and an endview of the vane, t-he other portions of the'mill being in sideelevation; and Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view of a modified form ofthe vane stem or body-bar.

The turn-table 10 is mounted upon the tower The turn-table is providedwith two arms a and a', which are projected horizontally outward inopposite directions from opposite sides, and the turn-table isfurtherprovided with a vertical tubular extension or casting a2, having-a perpendicular extension-arm as, provided 'the turn-table a shaft 13is journaled, upon one end of which the wind-wheel14 is se curelyfastened. The opposite end of the wheel-shaft 13 is providedl with theusual crank-'disk 14, united with' the pump-rod through the medium of apitman 15. At the upper end ofthe tubular-.casting a2 of the. turn-tablea guide-pulley 16 is journaled, for

table is'effected at or near the central por-` tion of the former, andthe said stemor bod y bar extends beyond opposite sides of the turntablein a horizontal position, and'by thus locating the vane it is positivelyremoved from the wind-Wheel; but the wind-wheel and vane are held one infront of the other and cannot by any possibility be brought intoengagement. One end of the vane extends some distance outward beyond theedge of the windwheel, and upon this portion of the vane a series ofvertical plates 18 is pivoted, the plates being so pivoted that they maybe separated and made to stand ata right angle to the longitudinal axisof the stem or body bar or may be closed so as to stand parallel withthe said longitudinal axis of the stein,

and-when in the latter position the contiguous. edges ofthe bladesabutting, or practically so. The direction in which the blades areturned is illustratedv by arrows in Fig. 2.

the vane a shaft 21 isvertically'journaled in the body-bar, the lowerend of which shaft has attached thereto a horizontal crank-arm 22, whichis connected to the inner end of the pitman by a suitable link 23. Uponthe upper end of the shaft 21 a bevel-pinion 24: is secured, and amutilated'bevel-gear 25meshes with said pinion, which gear is fast uponone end of a line-shaft 26, horizontally journaled upon the stem orbody-bar 17 of the vane. The shaft 26 extends beyond the end of thebody-bar or stem,sand to its projecting ex-` tremity an arm 27 vissecured, provided with IOO Sey

. through the tubular casting of the turn-table to within convenientreach of a person standing at the base of the tower or upon a plat-vform or other support connected therewith. By means of the cable orchain'l the wind` wheel may be thrown in or out of the Wind and thewindmill may be stopped or started thereby.

Inpractice the gearing described is housed,

so as to protect it from the weather, and the4 cal position. When theblades 18 are closed,

the .fan assumes a horizontal position at one side of the wheel-shaft. j

While I have described the position of the fan as horizontal when theblades 18 are closed, the blade of the fan actually inclines downwardand outward, so as to present its full face to the wind when the edge ofthe wheel is likewise so presented.`

.When the chain or cable 31 is loosened at its lower end and the weight28 upon the arm 27 yturns the line-shaft 26 in such manner as to bringthe fan in a vertical position, (shown in Fig.,1,) then the blades 18are in an open position, and when the blades of the vane are in thisposition the wind-wheel is swung around in a position to be driven bythe wind. The weight 28 maybe adjusted upon the arm 27 in such a vmannerthat a moderate wind striking against the upright fan will more thancounterbalance the weigh t, or the weight may be so adj usted that agale of wind will be required to accomplish such a result.

If, for instance, the weight is adjusted in a manner to require a highwind 'to automatically operate the vane, when such a wind strikes theupright fan 29 the fan is blown down to a horizontal position and theblades 18 are closed, whereupon as the edges of the blades are presentedto the wind the windwheel will be swung around so as to present itsledge, and the mill will be stopped. If the wind has not sufficient forceto blow the fan entirely downward, thus only partially closing theblades, the speed of the wind-wheel will be slackened; but the wheelwill not be stopped.

the cable or chain 31 is drawn down until the fan is carried to ahorizontal position, and the chain or cable is then made fast. As theweight just slightly more than counterbalanc-es the weight of theblades, the attached mechanism, and fan, it requires but little strengthto close the blades, and the windwheel is so placed upon the turn-tablethat almost an equal weight is brought to bear at each side of thecenter of the turn-table, thus imparting thereto an easy poise and aperfect balance and enabling the upper structure of the mill to respondquickly to the action of the vane.

The body-bar or stem 17 of the vane is preferably made of wood, but maybe made of metal, if desired, in which event the body or stem isconstructed of a tube, as shown at B in Fig. 4, and the tube isstrengthened by an internal spring-brace B.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters PatentV 1. The combination, with the turn-table, the verticalwind-wheel journaled thereon and connected with the pu mp-rod, of thevane A, consisting in a horizontal bar iixedly secured between its endsto the turn-table parallel with the said wheel, a shaft 26journaledalong the short arm of the vane, provided at its outer end with aweighted arm 27, a blade 29 between its ends, an armBO near its innerend, and a gear-wheel 25 .at its inner end, the

vertical shaft 21l on the vane and provided with a gear-wheel 24e,meshing with gear 25, and a crank-arm 22, alseries of vertical blades18, pivoted on the long arm of the vane, a pitman 21, connecting saidblades and connected at its inner end with the crank-arm 22, and a chainor cable extending downward from the arm 30 for operating the same byhand, substantially as set forth.

2. A windmill comprising the tower, the turn-table l0, havingoppositely-projecting horizontal arms a a', vertical tubular eXtensiona2, a vertical arm as on upper end of said extension, provided with aguide 01,4 at its upper end and pulley 16 at its lower end, the pump-rod12 the shaft 13, journaled on arm a and provided with a crank, at itsinner. end connected with the pump-rod and at its outer IOO IIO

end with a vertical wind-wheel, the vanebeam secured fixedly betweenitsends to the arm a parallel with the wheel and provided FRANK H. EVARTS.Witnesses:

JULIAN E. EATON, CLAUDE EATON.

